Abstract Albendazole is an anthelmintic drug commonly used in parenchymal neurocysticercosis and cystic echinococcosis. The aim of this study was to explore whether disparities in the dissolution profiles of albendazole products lead to significant differences in pharmacokinetic parameters. Three generic products and the innovator were evaluated in vitro. Quality control tests were performed, and dissolution profiles were obtained according to the Mexican Pharmacopeia. Although all products passed the quality control tests, none of the generic products complied with the similarity factor (f 2). The product with the lowest f 2 value in respect to the reference was chosen for in vivo evaluation. The study was carried out in 12 healthy volunteers who received 400 mg of the generic or reference product according to a crossover design. No significant differences were found in Cmax and AUC for albendazole and its main metabolite, albendazole sulfoxide, between products. Two absorption peaks were observed in the pharmacokinetic profile, and a population (22%) with different absorption rates and delay time for the the second peak was found. Based on the results, due to the high variability in the absorption process the differences observed in vitro could not be observed in vivo.

Resumen La gestión integral de los residuos sólidos constituye un desafío enfocado al cuidado y preservación del medio ambiente; teniendo en cuenta que la mayoría de la población no realiza una separación en la fuente de manera adecuada. En este sentido, el municipio de Quibdó no es ajeno a dicha situación, pues además de la falta de cultura ciudadana reflejada en una inadecuada separación en la fuente, se suma la deficiencia en materia de disposición final de residuos, llevada a cabo en el botadero a cielo abierto "Marmolejo", ocasionando importantes impactos negativos sobre el medio ambiente y la salud pública. El presente artículo recopila información sobre las principales fuentes de generación, el manejo y la disposición final de los residuos sólidos llevada a cabo actualmente en Quibdó; enfocándose en identificar la problemática actual y los principales retos que tiene el municipio en materia de manejo de residuos, así como también los diferentes procesos y programas que se desarrollan encaminados a una adecuada gestión y/o aprovechamiento de los desechos producidos, lo que permitiría considerar la identificación e implementación de alternativas para la el desarrollo de procesos de economía circular y por ende la generación de empresas sostenibles en la región.

Abstract The integrated management of solid waste is a challenge focused on the care and preservation of the environment, taking into account that most of the population does not adequately separate waste at the source. In this sense, the municipality of Quibdó is no stranger to this situation, because in addition to the lack of citizen culture reflected in an inadequate separation at the source, there is also the deficiency in the final disposal of waste, carried out in the open dump "Marmolejo", causing significant negative impacts on the environment and public health. This article compiles information on the main sources of generation, management and final disposal of solid waste currently carried out in Quibdó; focusing on identifying the current problems and the main challenges that the municipality has in terms of waste management, as well as the different processes and programs that are developed aimed at an adequate management and/or use of the waste produced, which would allow considering the identification and implementation of alternatives for the development of circular economy processes and therefore the generation of sustainable enterprises in the region.

Resumo A gestão integrada dos resíduos sólidos constitui um desafio centrado no cuidado e preservação do ambiente, tendo em conta que a maioria da população não separa adequadamente os resíduos na fonte. Neste sentido, o município de Quibdó não é alheio a esta situação, pois para além da falta de cultura cidadã reflectida numa separação inadequada na fonte, existe também uma deficiência na eliminação final dos resíduos, realizada na lixeira "Marmolejo", causando impactos negativos significativos sobre o ambiente e a saúde pública. Este artigo compila informação sobre as principais fontes de geração, gestão e eliminação final dos resíduos sólidos actualmente realizadas em Quibdó, centrando-se na identificação dos problemas actuais e dos principais desafios que o município enfrenta em termos de gestão de resíduos, bem como dos diferentes processos e programas que estão a ser desenvolvidos com vista a uma gestão e/ou utilização adequada dos resíduos produzidos, o que permitiria a identificação e implementação de alternativas para o desenvolvimento de processos de economia circular e, consequentemente, a geração de empresas sustentáveis na região a considerar.

A cross-sectional and analytical study was conducted to analyze how to affect the process of training of Nursing on the quality care management from January to 'April, 2008. Universe included professors and students to select a sample. Operational variable included: subjects teaching to manage the cares, links of knowledge system to development of professional abilities, ways or teaching organization, influence of functions of nursing professionals and considerations on the quality of care to be supplied. To teach in management of care with a technical quality of the 96,34% of professors, establishing the link of knowledges systems with develop of professional abilities, management favored by teaching organization ways. Assistance functions are in the first place in hierarchical scale where the first year of the New Formative Form students gave their answers, expressing that all subjects teach them to manage the cars with quality be means of ways of organization of teaching as lectures, seminaries, cases presentation and workshop class. Professor and students express, from their point of view, how the management process is perceived. The data processing was carried out using the SPSS system. We conclude that the teaching process influences in a decisive way on the management of nursing care with quality offering to students.

Se efectuó estudio analítico transversal con el objetivo de analizar cómo incide el proceso de formación del profesional de Enfermería en la gestión de los cuidados con calidad, en el periodo comprendido entre enero-abril 2008. El universo estuvo constituido por profesores y estudiantes, seleccionando una muestra. Las variables operacionalizadas fueron: asignaturas que enseñan a gestionar los cuidados, vínculos del sistema de conocimientos al desarrollo de habilidades profesionales, formas de organización de la enseñanza, influencia de las funciones de los profesionales de enfermería y consideraciones acerca de la calidad de los cuidados a brindar. Enseñan a gestionar cuidados con calidad técnica el 96,34 % de los profesores, estableciendo el vínculo de sistemas de conocimientos con desarrollo de habilidades profesionales, gestión que se favorece con las formas de organización de la enseñanza. Las funciones asistenciales ocupan el primer lugar en la escala jerárquica, intervinieron con sus respuestas estudiantes de primer año del Nuevo Modelo Formativo, y expresan que todas las asignaturas los enseñan a gestionar cuidados con calidad mediante formas de organización de la enseñanza como conferencias, seminarios, presentación de casos y clase talleres. Profesores y estudiantes expresan desde sus ópticas cómo se percibe el proceso de gestión. El procesamiento de datos se realizó mediante el sistema SPSS. Se concluyó que el proceso de enseñanza influye de forma decisiva en la gestión de cuidados de enfermería con calidad que se brinda a los educandos.